pk-china-user By Tahir Ali
As global energy markets face volatility due to rising tensions in the Middle East and disruptions in key supply routes like the Strait of Hormuz, Pakistan is strengthening its resilience through long-term energy cooperation with China. Projects under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) are playing a crucial role in reducing reliance on imported fuels while expanding indigenous and renewable energy sources.
In an interview, Shah Jahan Mirza, Managing Director of the Private Power and Infrastructure Board (PPIB), highlighted how CPEC transformed Pakistan’s energy sector. When the initiative began around 2013–14, the country was experiencing severe electricity shortages, with extended hours of load shedding. Chinese investment and collaboration enabled rapid development of power projects, initially using imported fuels to address urgent needs, but with a long-term focus on local energy resources.
A key achievement has been the development of Thar coal projects, contributing around 3,300 MW of electricity from domestic resources. At the same time, renewable energy capacity has expanded significantly, with about 1,400 MW generated from wind and solar projects under CPEC. Major hydropower initiatives, including the 884 MW Suki Kinari and 720 MW Karot projects, have further strengthened clean energy production.
These developments have reduced Pakistan’s dependence on costly fuel imports and enhanced energy security. Renewable sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower now provide more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives, particularly during periods of global supply uncertainty.
Solar energy adoption in Pakistan has surged in recent years, driven by falling equipment costs and supportive government policies. The net metering system has encouraged widespread rooftop solar installations, with approximately 7,200 MW connected to the grid. Additionally, an estimated 14,000–15,000 MW of off-grid solar capacity has been installed, significantly contributing to clean energy generation.
China’s role extends beyond investment to supplying affordable and efficient solar technology, making renewable energy more accessible to consumers. Looking ahead, Chinese companies are expected to play a major role in expanding solar and wind capacity in Pakistan over the next decade.
To support the growing share of renewable energy, improvements in transmission infrastructure are essential. Investments in grid modernization, including digitization and expansion, are underway to ensure stability and efficiency. A major milestone is the 900-kilometer HVDC transmission line from Matiari to Lahore, with a capacity of 4,000 MW, developed with Chinese investment.
Energy storage is also emerging as a key area of growth. Battery storage systems are becoming increasingly important for managing intermittent renewable energy, allowing excess daytime solar power to be stored and used during peak evening demand. With declining costs and technological advancements, battery storage is expected to become a major focus of future investment.
Overall, Pakistan’s collaboration with China is helping build a more self-reliant, sustainable, and resilient energy system, positioning the country to better withstand global energy disruptions while advancing its long-term development goals.
